Maganin Gastroenterology

Indiya tana ba da ingantacciyar kulawar gastroenterology mai isa ga kowa. Wasu manyan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da asibitoci a duniya waɗanda ke ba da magani na ƙwararrun cututtukan ciki suna cikin Indiya. Ƙasar tana gida ne ga ƙwararrun likitocin aikin tiyata na ciki da kuma masu ilimin gastroenterologist waɗanda suka cancanta don tantancewa da kuma magance cututtuka iri-iri.

Yakamata a tuntubi likitan gastroenterologist don gudanar da ingantaccen tsarin cututtukan ciki irin su diverticulitis, ulcers na ciki, ciwon hanji mai ban tsoro, cututtukan hanji mai kumburi, cutar Celiac, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji, da ƙari.

Menene Gastroenterology ke Magance?

Gastroenterology yana ba da ganewar asali da maganin cututtuka da ke tasowa a cikin tsarin narkewa, tare da yanayi iri-iri da suka shafi:

• Esophagus: GERD (Cutar reflux Gastroesophageal), Esophagitis, Cututtukan haɗiye, da ciwon daji na Esophageal.
  
• Ciki: Ciwon ciki, Gastritis, Gastroparesis, da Ciwon daji.
  
• Ƙananan hanji: Ciwon Celiac, Cutar Crohn, Ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji, da ciwon Malabsorption.
  
• Babban hanji (hanji) da dubura: Ulcerative colitis, Irritable bowel syndrome, Diverticulitis, Colon polyps, Colon cancer, da basur. 
  
• Cututtukan hanta: Hepatitis (A, B, C), cirrhosis, ciwon hanta mai kitse, da ciwon hanta. 
  
• Ciwon ciki: Pancreatitis da ciwon daji. 
  
• Gallbladder da bile ducts: Gallstones, cholecystitis, da cututtuka na bile ducts. 
  

Nau'in Gastroenterology:

Gastroenterology yana da alaƙa da yankuna da yawa na mayar da hankali kan la'akari da su a matsayin ƙwararru ko ƙwarewa, sau da yawa ba tare da takamaiman ma'anoni ba. 

• Janar Gastroenterology: Yana rufe kowane nau'in cututtukan narkewar abinci. 
  
• Hepatology: Yana magance hanta, gallbladder, da tsarin biliary. 
  
• Pancreatology: Damuwa da kanta tare da cututtuka na pancreas.
  
• IBD: Yana nufin Crohn's da colitis.
  
• Tsangwama: Yana nufin ci-gaba hanyoyin endoscopic.
  
• Ciwon Motsi: Ya haɗa da matsalolin motsi a cikin fili na narkewa. 
  
• Oncology na Gastrointestinal: Yana magance ciwon daji na gastrointestinal tract.
  
• Gastroenterology na Yara: Ciwon ciki a cikin yara.

Alamomin Gastroenterology

Yanayin Gastroenterological yana haifar da alamu daban-daban, daga rashin jin daɗi zuwa zafi mai tsanani. Alamomin ciwon narkar da abinci na gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon ciki & ciwon ciki: tsanani, wuri, da kuma yanayinsa na iya nuni ga yanayi daban-daban. 
  
• Bugawa: Wani rashin jin daɗi na cikawa saboda yawan iskar gas. 
  
• Halin hanji: Duk wani nau'i na sauye-sauye, ko maƙarƙashiya ko gudawa, ko canji tare da stool. 
  
• Nausea da amai: Ana iya haifar da waɗannan ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta, kumburi, ko toshewa. 
  
• Ciwon ƙwannafi ko reflux acid: Jin zafi a cikin ƙirji saboda koma baya na acid ciki zuwa cikin esophagus.
  
• Zubar da jini na dubura ko jini a cikin stool: Ana buƙatar kimantawar likita nan da nan. 
  
• Rage nauyi mara ma'ana: Ɗaya daga cikin alamun cututtuka masu yawa na tsarin narkewa, ciki har da malignancy. 
  
• Wahalar haɗiye (dysphagia): Saboda duk wata matsala da hazo. 
  
• Yawan iskar gas (harsashi): Wannan na iya nuna wasu matsalolin narkewar abinci.

Dalilan Matsalolin Gastroenterology

Al'amura da dama na iya shafar lafiyar gastrointestinal tract-daga salon rayuwar da mutum yake bi zuwa abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta wadanda ke ba da damar ci gaban wata cuta ta musamman. 

• Abubuwan rayuwa: Abincin da ba shi da fiber, abinci mai maiko, rashin haƙuri na abinci kamar rashin haƙuri na lactose, yawan barasa, damuwa, rashin motsa jiki, bushewa, da shan taba na iya yin illa ga lafiyar narkewa.  
  
• Cututtuka: Kwayoyin cututtuka, kamar yadda yake a cikin gastroenteritis na viral, cututtuka na ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da guba na abinci, da kuma ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutar da ƙwayar narkewa suna kama da juna.  
  
• Abubuwan Halitta: Wasu yanayi da aka gada sune musamman kamar cutar Crohn da cutar celiac. Tarihin iyali na ciwon daji na hanji ko wasu cututtuka na narkewar abinci yana haifar da haɗari mafi girma.  
  
• Cututtukan Autoimmune: Yanayi irin su cutar Crohn da ulcerative colitis wanda tsarin garkuwar jiki ke kai hari ga tsarin narkewar abinci.  
  
• Magunguna: Wadanda kamar NSAIDs ko maganin rigakafi waɗanda ke fusatar da rufin ciki ko satar microbiome na gut.  
  
• Rashin Tsarin Tsarin: Hernias kamar hiatal hernia na iya haifar da reflux acid. Diverticulosis shine kumburin hanji, kuma polyps na iya juya zuwa kansar hanji.  
  
• Wasu Abubuwa: Yayin da kuka tsufa, ayyukan narkewar abinci na iya lalacewa, yayin da canjin hormonal da ke da alaƙa da ciki da haila na iya tsoma baki tare da narkewar al'ada.
  

Gastroenterology Diagnosis

Binciken gastroenterology ya haɗa da bincika tarihi a hankali, gwajin jiki, gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje, da biopsy.

1. Tarihin Likita da Jarabawar Jiki: Likitan gastroenterologist zai bincika bayanan likita na majiyyaci, gami da duk abin da ya faru a baya, cikin alamun bayyanar cututtuka don ganin yadda gwajin jiki ke neman rashin daidaituwa.

2. Gwajin gwaje-gwaje: Gwajin jini ta haka ne ke gano duk wata cuta, kumburi, da yanayin hanta. Gwajin stool: Nemo Jini, Bacteria, da Parasites. Gwajin Numfashi na gano cutar Helicobacter pylori da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji (SIBO).

3. Nazarin Hoto: Gano rashin daidaituwa da al'amurran da suka shafi tsarin narkewa da kyau tare da amfani da fasaha daban-daban kamar su X-ray, CT scans, MRI scans, da duban dan tayi.

4. Endoscopy: 

• EGD: Babban endoscopy yana amfani da bututu don ganin gland, ciki, da duodenum.
  
• Binciken ciki: Ana yin hakan ta hanyar saka bututu mai sanye da kyamara a cikin hanjin. 
  
• Sigmoidoscopy: Duban ƙarshen ɓangaren hanji. 
  
• ERCP: Ganowa da kuma magance matsalolin bile ducts da matsalolin pancreatic. 
  
• Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS): Wannan hanya tana ba da cikakkun hotuna na fili na narkewa da kyallen takarda tare da taimakon endoscopy da duban dan tayi. 
  

5. Biopsy: Riƙe samfuran nama da aka ɗauka yayin irin waɗannan hanyoyin endoscopy don bincika kasancewar cututtuka irin su ciwon daji, cututtukan hanji mai kumburi, da cutar celiac.

Amfanin Maganin Gastroenterology

Amfanin Maganin Gastroenterology Jiyya na Gastroenterology yana da fa'idodi da yawa kuma yana iya zama babban ci gaba ga ingancin rayuwa. Yanzu, wasu fa'idodi mafi fa'ida: 

• Masana ilimin gastroenterologists suna da kayan aikin ci-gaba waɗanda ake amfani da su daidai don tantancewa da daidaita tsare-tsaren jiyya musamman ta amfani da su don magance matsalolin narkewar abinci na marasa lafiya.
  
• Taimakon bayyanar cututtuka, inganta iyawar mutum na narkewa, mafi kyawun sha na gina jiki, da rigakafin ciwon daji na hanji. 
  
• Masana gastroenterologists suna gudanar da ganowa da wuri, kula da yanayi na yau da kullun, da jiyya marasa gaggawa don kawar da rikitarwa. 
  
• Wadancan ƙananan hanyoyin hanyoyin gastroenterology ne waɗanda suka kawar da buƙatar buɗe tiyata da rage rikice-rikice.

Wasu daga cikin hanyoyin gama gari na gama gari an jera su a ƙasa:

·  Endoscopy: Domin a duba hanyoyin narkewar abinci, ana saka bututu mai tsayi, sirara mai kamara a gefensa a cikin baki ko dubura. Wannan shine tsarin da ake amfani dashi don ganowa da sarrafa batutuwa kamar ciwace-ciwacen daji, kumburi, da ulcers. Don taimakawa wajen shakatawa yayin jiyya, ana iya ba marasa lafiya maganin kwantar da hankali. Daga baya, za a shigar da bututun a hankali a cikin esophagus, makogwaro, da baki. Nan gaba za a saka kyamarar cikin ciki don samar da hotunan duk wata cuta da za ta iya faruwa a wurin.

·  biopsy: Wannan wata hanya ce da likitan gastroenterologist ya ɗauki ɗan ƙaramin samfurin nama daga sashin narkewar abinci ya bincika ta ƙarƙashin na'urar gani. Ana yin wannan ne don gano cutar kansa, cututtukan peptic, hepatitis, endometriosis, da sauran cututtuka.

· Tiyatar Gastrointestinal: Don yanayi kamar ciwon gallbladder, ciwon daji na launi, ciwace-ciwacen daji, ciwon gastroesophageal reflux cuta, har ma da asarar nauyi, ana amfani da wannan hanyar maganin GI. Laparoscopic, budewa, da tiyata na bariatric sune mafi yawan hanyoyin tiyata (don asarar nauyi da haɓaka lafiya). Matsayin ɓacin rai na tiyata yana shafar tsawon lokacin da ake ɗauka don murmurewa. Hanyoyin tiyata masu cin zarafi na iya buƙatar tsawon lokacin dawowa. 

·  magunguna: Ana iya sarrafa wasu matsalolin ciki tare da magani kawai, ba tare da buƙatar tiyata ko hanyoyin endoscopic ba. Proton pump inhibitors, antacids, laxatives, anti-diarrheal magunguna na daga cikin magungunan da ake amfani da su don magance cututtukan ciki.

·  Gyaran Abincin Abinci: Dole ne a daidaita abincin zuwa takamaiman yanayi, tare da kowane yanayi yana ƙayyadaddun abinci daban-daban. Fiber don maƙarƙashiya, marar yisti ga celiac, guje wa abubuwan da ke haifar da IBS, da ƙananan mai ga gallbladder. Motsa jiki yana taimakawa narkewa. Hakanan yakamata a kula da damuwa don a sami sauƙin bayyanar cututtuka.

· Madadin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali: Waɗannan jiyya ba na al'ada ba ne waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa sarrafa alamun GI. Wasu madadin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali don cututtukan GI sun haɗa da acupuncture, magungunan ganye (kamar ginger, ruhun nana, da sauran ganye don magance tashin zuciya, kumburi, da rashin narkewar abinci), probiotics, da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali (kamar fahimi-halayen farfasa).