Kodi dokotala wanu posachedwapa anatchula chinachake chotchedwa Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)? Kapena mwina mwana wanu adapezeka ndi matendawa panthawi yoyezetsa? Ngati ndi choncho, musachite mantha, simuli nokha, ndipo nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti, matendawa ndi ochiritsika. ASD ndi bowo lomwe limalekanitsa zipinda ziwiri zam'mwamba za mtima. Ngakhale ma ASD ena ang'onoang'ono amatha kutseka okha, akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amafuna opaleshoni ya atrial septal defect kuti ateteze zovuta zomwe zimatenga nthawi yayitali.
Mubulogu iyi, tikuwonetsani momwe ASD ilili, opaleshoni ikafunika, momwe njirayo imawonekera, komanso chofunikira kwambiri, momwe kuchira kumachitikira komanso momwe maopaleshoniwa akuyendera.
Tiyeni tiphwanye, pang'onopang'ono.
Kodi Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) ndi chiyani?
An ASD ndi vuto lobadwa nalo la mtima, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mumabadwa nacho. Kwenikweni, ndibowo pakhoma (lotchedwa septum) lomwe limalekanitsa zipinda zapamtima za mtima; atria yakumanzere ndi yakumanja.
Nthawi zambiri, khomali limaletsa magazi okhala ndi okosijeni kuti asasakanize ndi magazi omwe alibe mpweya wabwino. Koma pamene pali dzenje, magazi amatha kusakanikirana, zomwe zimayika mtima ndi mapapo.
Kodi Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya ASD ndi iti?
Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma ASD, kutengera komwe dzenjelo lili:
- Secundum ASD: Mtundu wofala kwambiri, womwe umapezeka pakati pa septum.
- Mtengo wapatali wa magawo ASD: Imakhala m'munsi mwa septum ndipo nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zina zamtima.
- Sinus Venosus ASD: Kupezeka pafupi ndi mitsempha yomwe imabweretsa magazi kuchokera m'mapapo.
- Coronary Sinus ASD: Mtundu wosowa kwambiri, pafupi ndi mtsempha wotchedwa coronary sinus.
Kodi Zomwe Zimayambitsa ndi Zowopsa za Atrial Septal Defect ndi Chiyani?
Zomwe zimayambitsa sizidziwika nthawi zonse, koma chibadwa, zochitika zachilengedwe, ndi zina zomwe zimachitika panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati (monga matenda a shuga osalamulirika kapena matenda) zingayambitse.
Zizindikiro Zodziwika za Atrial Septal Defect
Zizindikiro za ASD nthawi zambiri zimawonekera mosiyanasiyana mwa ana ndi akulu:
- Mwa ana: Kutopa pamasewera, pafupipafupi kupuma matenda, osauka kuwonda.
- Kwa akuluakulu: Kupuma pang'ono, palpitations, kutupa m'miyendo, ngakhale sitiroko.
Kodi Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect Imalimbikitsidwa Liti?
Sikuti ma ASD onse amafunikira opaleshoni. Mabowo ang'onoang'ono amatha kutseka okha kapena sangabweretse mavuto. Koma ma ASD apakati mpaka akulu? Nthawi zambiri amafunika kukonzedwa.
Opaleshoni imalimbikitsidwa ngati:
- ASD imayambitsa zizindikiro.
- pali chiopsezo cha zovuta monga kulephera kwa mtima kapena pulmonary hypertension.
- mtima ukukulitsidwa kapena kugwira ntchito mopambanitsa.
- pali mbiri ya sitiroko chifukwa cha magazi kuundana kudutsa dzenje.
Nanga bwanji zaka?
- In makanda, opaleshoni nthawi zambiri imachedwa pokhapokha ngati zizindikiro zili zovuta kwambiri.
- In ana, kutseka kosankha nthawi zambiri kumachitika pakati pa zaka 2-5.
- In akuluakulu, opaleshoni ingakhalebe yothandiza, ngakhale m’moyo wamtsogolo.
Ukakonzedwa koyambirira, m’pamenenso mtima ukhoza kuchira ndi kugwira ntchito bwinobwino.
Kodi Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect ndi iti?
Malingana ndi kukula ndi mtundu wa chilemacho, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni imodzi mwa njira izi:
Opaleshoni Yotsegula Mtima
Iyi ndi njira yachikhalidwe, makamaka ya ma ASD akulu kapena ovuta.
- Kayendesedwe: Chifuwa chimatsegulidwa, ndipo makina a mtima-mapapu amatenga ntchito yopopa magazi. Kenako dokotalayo amasoka kapena kusoka dzenjelo.
- Zogwiritsidwa ntchito: Primum, sinus venosus, kapena ma ASD akulu kwambiri a secundum.
- ubwino: Kupambana kwanthawi yayitali.
- kuipa: Kuchira kwa nthawi yayitali, kusokoneza kwambiri.
Opaleshoni Yochepa Kwambiri
Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mabala ang'onoang'ono komanso nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito kanema.
- Kayendesedwe: Ting'onoting'ono timapanga pakati pa nthiti. Chigamba kapena stitches yemweyo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma osatsegula chifuwa chonse.
- ubwino: Kupweteka kochepa, kuchira msanga.
- kuipa: Osayenerera mitundu yonse ya ASD.
Kutsekera kwa Catheter (Kopanda Opaleshoni)
Imadziwikanso kuti kutseka kwa transcatheter, iyi ndiye njira yocheperako.
- Kayendesedwe: Kachubu kakang'ono (catheter) amalowetsedwa kudzera mumtsempha wa mwendo ndikupita kumtima. Katswiri amayika chipangizocho kuti chitseke dzenje.
- Zogwiritsidwa ntchito: Medium-size secundum ASDs.
- ubwino: Osadulidwa, kukhala m'chipatala kwakanthawi.
- kuipa: Osayenera ma ASD onse kapena mabowo akulu kwambiri.
Pang'onopang'ono Njira Yopangira Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect
Mukudabwa kuti ndondomeko yeniyeniyo ikuwoneka bwanji? Nachi chidule chachidule:
Pre-opaleshoni Evaluation
Opaleshoni isanachitike, madokotala amayesa mayeso monga:
- Echocardiogram (ultrasound ya mtima)
- MRI kapena CT scans
- Ntchito ya magazi
- Cardiac catheterization (nthawi zina)
Anesthesia ndi Prep
Wogonetsa wodwala adzakupatsani General anesthesia kotero kuti mukugona kwathunthu komanso opanda ululu. Gulu lanu lazaumoyo lidzachotsa pachifuwa chanu ndikukonzekeretsani kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
Opaleshoni Njira
- pakuti opaleshoni ya mtima, chifuwa chimatsegulidwa, ndipo makina a mtima-mapapu amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Dokotala wanu amatha kusokerera kutseka kapena kutseka dzenjelo ndi makina opangira kapena minofu.
- pakuti kutsekedwa kwa catheter, chipangizocho chimayikidwa kudzera mumtsempha pogwiritsa ntchito kujambula kuti chiziwongolera.
Kusamalira Pambuyo pa Opaleshoni
Opaleshoniyo ikangotha, mumakhala nthawi ku ICU. Gulu lanu lazaumoyo limayang'anitsitsa kuthamanga kwa mtima wanu, kuchuluka kwa okosijeni, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Kuchira Pambuyo pa Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect
Nthawi yochira imadalira mtundu wa opaleshoni:
Kukhala Pachipatala
- Opaleshoni yamtima: Masiku 5-7
- Opaleshoni yowopsa pang'onoNthawi: 3-5 masiku
- Kutsekedwa kwa catheterNthawi: 1-2 masiku
Ntchito Yathupi
Muyenera kumasuka kwa masabata angapo:
- Palibe kunyamula zolemetsa kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa milungu 4-6
- Ana amatha kubwerera kusukulu mkati mwa masabata awiri kapena atatu
- Akuluakulu amatha kuyambiranso ntchito pambuyo pa milungu 4-6 (kutengera mtundu wa ntchito)
Uphungu Wopweteka
Kusapeza bwino pachifuwa kapena kuwawa ndikwachilendo, makamaka pambuyo pa opaleshoni yotsegula. Mankhwala amathandiza kuthana ndi izi.
Zizindikiro Zoti Muwonere
Itanani dokotala wanu ngati muwona:
- Thupi kapena kuzizira
- Kufiyira kapena kutulutsa m'malo ocheka
- Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kupuma movutikira
- Kugunda kwa mtima kwachilendo
Kutsata Kusamalira
Mungafunike:
- Ma echocardiograms nthawi zonse
- Mwina chowunikira mtima
- Mankhwala akanthawi kochepa (monga ochepetsa magazi kapena maantibayotiki)
Kupambana kwa Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect
Nayi gawo labwino kwambiri: Opaleshoni ya ASD ndi yopambana kwambiri!
- Mtengo wopambana: Pamwamba 95% mwa ana ndi 90-95% mwa akuluakulu
- Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali: Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino pambuyo pa opaleshoni
- Chiwopsezo chochepa cha zovuta: Akatsekedwa, chiopsezo cha sitiroko kapena kulephera kwa mtima kumatsika kwambiri
Kodi Zotsatira za Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect Imakhudza Chiyani?
Zinthu zotsatirazi zitha kukhudza zotsatira za opaleshoni ya ASD:
- Zaka pa opaleshoni (poyamba ndi bwino)
- Kukula ndi mtundu wa cholakwikacho
- Ntchito yonse ya mtima
- Kukhalapo kwa matenda ena a mtima
Kodi Zowopsa ndi Zovuta Zomwe Zingachitike pa Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect ndi Chiyani?
Monga njira iliyonse, opaleshoni ya ASD imakhala ndi chiopsezo. Komabe, zovuta zimakhala zochepa.
Zowopsa Zofanana
- Kusuta
- Kutenga
- Arrhythmias (kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika)
- Kuchita kwa anesthesia
Zovuta Zosowa
- Magazi amatha
- Kusamuka kwa chipangizo (mu njira zopangira catheter)
- Pericardial effusion (madzi ozungulira mtima)
Kodi Zowopsa ndi Zovuta Zimakhala Zofanana Bwanji?
M'manja mwaluso, zovuta zazikulu zimachitika zosakwana 2-3% ya milandu. Zambiri ndi zazing'ono komanso zotha kutha.
Malangizo Opewera:
- Sankhani malo otchuka amtima
- Khalani ndi ndondomeko zotsatila
- Imwani mankhwala ndendende monga mwanenera
Moyo Pambuyo pa Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect
Pambuyo pochira, anthu ambiri amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino, wokangalika ndi:
- kulekerera bwino kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi,
- kuchepa kwa kutopa ndi kupuma, ndi
- palibenso chiopsezo cha sitiroko kuchokera ku magazi okhudzana ndi mtima.
Mankhwala Pambuyo pa Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect
Odwala ena angafunike:
- Maantibayotiki pamaso ntchito mano (kuteteza matenda)
- Ochepa magazi kwa miyezi ingapo (makamaka ngati chipangizo chinagwiritsidwa ntchito)
Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala anthawi yayitali safunikira.
Mtengo wa Opaleshoni ya Atrial Septal Defect
Mtengo wa opaleshoni ya ASD umasiyanasiyana kutengera dziko komanso mtundu wa njira:
| Country | Mtengo woyerekeza |
| India | USD 5,000 - USD 6,500 |
| nkhukundembo | USD 6,000 - USD 10,000 |
| UAE | USD 10,000 - USD 15,000 |
| USA | USD 30,000 - USD 60,000 |
Tip: Odwala ambiri amasankha otsogolera zokopa alendo zachipatala ngati EdhaCare kupeza chithandizo chapamwamba pamtengo wotsika, makamaka ku India.
Kutsiliza
Chilema cha atrial septal chikhoza kumveka chowopsya poyamba, koma chenicheni ndichoti chimachiritsika kwambiri. Kaya mwana wanu kapena mukufunikira opaleshoni, njira zamakono zimapangitsa kuti kuchira kukhale kosavuta komanso zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri.
Kuyambira kutsekedwa kwa catheter mpaka kukonza mtima wotseguka, zosankhazo ndizotetezeka kuposa kale. Kuchira kumatenga milungu ingapo, ndipo munthu akachira, moyo umabwerera mwakale.
Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu wapezeka ndi ASD, chotsatira chabwino kwambiri ndikukambirana ndi katswiri wamtima. Kuchitapo kanthu koyambirira kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (FAQs)
Kodi opaleshoni ya ASD ndi yabwino kwa ana?
Inde. Ndi njira yachizoloŵezi yokhala ndi chitetezo chabwino kwambiri komanso chiwongola dzanja, makamaka ikachitika msanga.
Kodi chilemacho chidzabweranso pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Ayi. Akakonza bwino, chilemacho sichibwereranso. Kuwunika kotsatira kumatsimikizira kuti kutseka kwapambana.
Kodi ndingakhale ndi moyo wabwinobwino pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya ASD?
Mwamtheradi. Anthu ambiri amapitiriza kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, wathanzi popanda malire.
Kodi ASD ndi opaleshoni yayikulu?
Inde, kutseka kwa ASD kumatengedwa ngati opaleshoni yayikulu, makamaka ngati ikukhudza njira zotsegula mtima. Komabe, akatswiri amtima ndi maopaleshoni amtima amathanso kuchita opaleshoni ya ASD pogwiritsa ntchito njira zocheperako komanso zosokoneza pang'ono.
Ndi opaleshoni iti yomwe ili yabwino kwa ASD?
Njira yabwino yopangira opaleshoni ya ASD nthawi zambiri imadalira mawonekedwe a chilemacho komanso thanzi la wodwalayo. Kutseka kwa opaleshoni ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito catheter ndizothandiza.