General Medicine

General Medicine, kapena mankhwala amkati, ndi nthambi yazaumoyo yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri kupewa, kuzindikira, komanso chithandizo chosapanga opaleshoni chamitundu yambiri yazachipatala mwa akulu. Madokotala ambiri amagwira ntchito ngati madotolo oyambira, kuthana ndi matenda wamba, matenda osatha, komanso thanzi labwino. Amapanga zoyezetsa zakuthupi zingapo, kuyitanitsa zoyezetsa matenda, ndikupereka mapulani amankhwala, nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsa chisamaliro ndi akatswiri. Mankhwala onse amagogomezera njira yothandizira odwala, osaganizira za thanzi la thupi lokha komanso zamaganizo ndi zamagulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chithandizo chamankhwala chokwanira.

Sungitsani Misonkhano

Za General Medicine

Ma subspecialties amankhwala wamba amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala chogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa odwala komanso zosowa zamankhwala. Ngakhale mankhwala amkati ndi mankhwala apabanja amakhudza kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala, mankhwala ochiritsira, mankhwala amasewera, ndi mankhwala apachipatala amayang'ana magulu azaka zambiri komanso zochitika zachipatala.

Mitundu Yamankhwala Onse

Mankhwala onse amaphatikiza magawo angapo ofunikira, iliyonse ili ndi chidwi chake komanso ukadaulo wake. Ma subspecialties awa amathandizira pazachipatala komanso kuchuluka kwa odwala, kuwonetsetsa kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chikukwanira. Nayi mitundu isanu yamankhwala wamba:

Internal Medicine: Madokotala azachipatala amkati, kapena internists, ndi asing'anga omwe amapereka chithandizo choyambirira kwa akuluakulu. Amazindikira, kuyang'anira, ndikuletsa matenda osiyanasiyana, ndikugogomezera njira yoyenera yaumoyo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala oyamba kukhudzana ndi odwala akuluakulu ndikuwongolera matenda osiyanasiyana.
Mankhwala a Banja: Madokotala a zachipatala amagwira ntchito yopereka chisamaliro chokwanira kwa odwala azaka zonse, kuyambira makanda mpaka okalamba. Amayang'ana kwambiri zachitetezo, chisamaliro chaumoyo, komanso kuchiza matenda oopsa komanso osatha m'banja.
Mankhwala a Geriatric: Madokotala a Geriatrician amagwira ntchito yosamalira odwala okalamba. Amathana ndi zosowa zapadera zachipatala za okalamba, kuphatikiza mikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi ukalamba, matenda osatha ambiri, komanso zovuta zokhudzana ndi ukalamba, monga kuwonongeka kwa chidziwitso.
Masewera a Masewera: Madokotala azachipatala amayang'ana kwambiri pakuzindikira komanso kuchiza kuvulala ndi mikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Amagwira ntchito ndi othamanga komanso anthu ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti azitha kuchita bwino ndikuwongolera kuvulala kwa minofu ndi mafupa, zovuta zokhudzana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso zovuta zachipatala zokhudzana ndi masewera.
Mankhwala Achipatala: Ochipatala ndi akatswiri omwe amasamalira odwala m'chipatala. Amayang'anira chithandizo cha matenda oopsa, amagwirizanitsa chisamaliro panthawi yogona m'chipatala, ndikuwonetsetsa kusintha kwabwino kwa chithandizo chamankhwala akatuluka.

Ndondomeko ya General Medicine

General Medicine imaphatikizapo njira yomwe imaphatikizapo njira zazikuluzikulu zotsatirazi:

Kuwunika kwa Odwala ndi Mbiri Yachipatala: Ndondomekoyi imayamba ndikuwunika mwatsatanetsatane mbiri yachipatala ya wodwalayo komanso momwe alili panopa. Sing'anga wamba amasonkhanitsa zambiri za matenda am'mbuyomu, mbiri yachipatala yabanja, mankhwala omwe alipo, komanso zomwe zingakhudze thanzi la wodwalayo.
Kusanthula thupi: Kuyezetsa thupi mokwanira kumachitidwa kuti awone thanzi la wodwalayo. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuona zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri (monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi kutentha) komanso kufufuza mmene thupi limayendera. Dokotala akhoza kumvetsera mtima ndi mapapo, kuyang'ana mphamvu, ndi kuyesa zina zenizeni malinga ndi madandaulo a wodwalayo ndi mbiri yachipatala.
Kuyezetsa matenda: Malingana ndi zizindikiro za wodwalayo ndi zotsatira za kuyezetsa thupi, dokotala akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso a matenda. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuyezetsa magazi, kufufuza zithunzi (monga ma X-ray, ma ultrasound, kapena CT scans), electrocardiograms (ECGs), ndi kuyesa kwina kwapadera kuti athandizire kuzindikira kapena kuyang'anira matenda.
Kuzindikira ndi Kupanga Chithandizo: Pamene matenda apezeka, dokotala amakambirana zomwe apeza ndi wodwalayo ndikupanga ndondomeko ya chithandizo. Dongosololi lingaphatikizepo mankhwala, kusintha kwa moyo, kutumiza kwa akatswiri, kapena kuyezetsa kwina.
Kasamalidwe ka Mankhwala: Ngati mankhwala aperekedwa, dokotala amakambirana ndi wodwalayo cholinga chake, mlingo wake, zotsatirapo zake, ndi njira zilizonse zodzitetezera. Mankhwala amaperekedwa pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana, kuyambira matenda mpaka matenda osatha monga matenda oopsa komanso shuga.
zodzitetezera Care: Madokotala amatsindika kufunika kwa chisamaliro chodzitetezera. Izi zingaphatikizepo katemera, kuyezetsa thanzi, uphungu wa moyo (monga, kusiya kusuta, kuchepetsa thupi), ndi malangizo okhudza kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Maphunziro Oleza Mtima: Maphunziro amatenga gawo lofunikira pazamankhwala wamba. Madokotala amadziwitsa odwala za mikhalidwe yawo, njira zamankhwala, komanso kufunika kotsatira. Amakambirananso za mmene mungadziwire zizindikiro zochenjeza komanso nthawi yoyenera kupita kuchipatala
Kutsatira ndi Kupitiliza kwa Chisamaliro: Ogwira ntchito zachipatala amapitirizabe chisamaliro pokonzekera nthawi yotsatila kuti ayang'ane momwe akuyendera ndikusintha zofunikira pa ndondomeko ya chithandizo. Kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse n'kofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuthetsa kusintha kulikonse kwa matenda.