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A laceration repair is a procedure used to treat tears or cuts that affect the skin and its underlying tissues, including the subcutaneous fat, muscles, and tendons. The procedure involves cleaning the wound and preparing it for repair with the goal of closing it. While minor cuts do not require medical intervention, large, deep, and open lacerations should be repaired medically to prevent complications such as excessive bleeding, wound infection, and severe scarring.
There are now several techniques used to repair lacerations. Modern techniques such as skin glue, adhesive strips, and staples take the place of conventional stitches and sutures when appropriate.
Techniques for simple laceration repair include:
Dermabond glue – This tissue adhesive glue works best on wounds that are up to 3-cm in length and with clean edges, are not too deep, and are not in high-tension areas. The Dermabond layer falls off on its own within 5 to 10 days after application.
Steristrips or adhesive strips – This method is effective in repairing simple lacerations without movement or tension. The strips are placed along the wound with sufficient space in between to allow fluid from the wound to drain properly, which is important to prevent infections. After the strips are placed, the area should be kept dry for at least 72 hours.
Staples – Skin staples are best used for lacerations on the scalp, neck, arms, and legs. To repair a laceration using staples, the wound is first cleansed and the cut edges are aligned before the wound is stapled shut. The wound is then protected by Tegaderm or a special clear acrylic dressing. The staples, like non-dissolvable stitches, have to be removed by the doctor after 5-10 days.