The exact causes of mouth cancer are not fully understood. But certain risk factors have been identified. Tobacco, smoking and chewing tobacco is a major contributor to oral cancer. Excessive alcohol consumption also increases the risk. When tobacco and alcohol combined, the risk becomes even higher. Additionally, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly strains HPV16 and HPV18, linked to an increased risk of developing mouth cancer.
Other potential risk factors include prolonged exposure to sunlight. As lip cancer can be associated with excessive UV radiation, and a family history of oral cancer. Poor oral hygiene, a diet low in fruits and vegetables, and chronic irritation of the oral cavity. Such as from ill-fitting dentures or sharp teeth may also contribute to the development of mouth cancer.
What Is Mouth Cancer?
Mouth cancer is also known as oral cancer. This is a serious condition that affects thousands of people worldwide. It can develop in various parts of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, gums, and lining of the cheeks. Understanding the causes, recognizing the symptoms, and obtaining an early diagnosis are crucial for effective treatment and improved outcomes.
Common Symptoms Of Mouth Cancer:
Early detection of mouth cancer is crucial for successful treatment. Knowing the common symptoms can help individuals recognize potential warning signs and seek prompt medical attention. Some of the typical symptoms of mouth cancer include:
- Persistent Mouth Ulcers: Non-healing sores or ulcers in the mouth that last for more than three weeks should not be ignored.
- Red or White Patches: The appearance of red or white patches in the mouth, on the tongue, or on the lining of the cheeks should be examined by a healthcare professional.
- Unexplained Bleeding: Unexplained bleeding from the mouth or throat should be evaluated. As it may be indicative of an underlying issue.
- Pain or Discomfort: Persistent pain, soreness, or a feeling of something being caught in the throat may be symptoms of mouth cancer.
- Changes In Speech or Difficulty Swallowing: Difficulty in speaking clearly or swallowing as well as a persistent change in voice can be signs of oral cancer.
- Numbness or Loss of Sensation: Numbness, loss of feeling, or a tingling sensation in the mouth or lips may indicate an underlying problem.
- Swollen Lymph Nodes: Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck may be a sign that cancer has spread.
It’s important to note that these symptoms may also be caused by other conditions. However, if any of these symptoms persist for an extended period, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis.
Diagnosis for mouth cancer:
Diagnosing mouth cancer typically involves several steps to determine the presence and extent of the disease. During a physical examination, the healthcare provider will thoroughly examine the mouth, tongue, throat, and neck for any abnormalities. They may also inquire about the patient’s medical history and risk factors.
If mouth cancer is suspected further tests will be recommended. These can include:
Biopsy: A small tissue sample taken from the suspicious area and examined under a microscope to detect cancer cells.
Imaging Tests: X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or positron emission tomography (PET) scans may be conducted to determine the size of the tumor and the extent of its spread.
Endoscopy: A thin, flexible tube with a light and camera at its tip (endoscope) is used to visualize the throat, vocal cords, and other structures.
Once a diagnosis confirmed, the healthcare team will determine the stage of the cancer. Which helps in planning the appropriate treatment strategy.
Conclusion:
Mouth cancer is a complex condition that requires comprehensive understanding for effective management. By recognizing the potential causes, being aware of the common symptoms and seeking timely medical attention. Individuals can increase the chances of early detection and successful treatment. Regular dental check-ups, maintaining good oral hygiene, quitting tobacco use, limiting alcohol consumption, and practicing sun protection for the lips are essential steps in reducing the risk of developing mouth cancer. Remember, knowledge and vigilance play a crucial role in combating this disease and improving outcomes for those affected.