Caesarean section is a surgical procedure that involves the delivery of a baby through an incision made in the mother's abdominal wall and uterus. It may be planned in advance (elective) or performed as an emergency procedure due to unforeseen complications during pregnancy or labor.

1. Anesthesia: Prior to the surgery, the mother will receive anesthesia to ensure comfort and pain control during the procedure. This can be in the form of regional anesthesia (epidural or spinal) or general anesthesia, depending on the specific situation.

2. Incision: A horizontal or vertical incision is made in the lower abdomen and uterus. The choice of incision type depends on various factors, including the reason for the cesarean section and the surgeon's preference.

3. Delivery of the baby: After the incisions are made, the baby is carefully delivered through the incision in the uterus. The surgeon ensures the baby's safety and may sometimes assist with gentle maneuvers to facilitate the delivery.

4. Placenta removal and closure: Once the baby is safely delivered, the placenta is removed from the uterus, and the incisions in the uterus and abdomen are closed using sutures or staples.

Post-operative Care

After a cesarean section, the mother is closely monitored to ensure a smooth recovery. Pain management, wound care, and mobility are important aspects of post-operative care. The healthcare team provides instructions on caring for the incision site, managing pain, and breastfeeding. The mother is typically encouraged to gradually increase physical activity and resume normal daily activities as advised by the healthcare provider.