Hip Replacement Surgery

Who Needs Hip Replacement?

Hip replacement is usually recommended for patients who:

• have chronic hip pain that interferes with daily activities.
• experience reduced range of motion or stiffness in the hip.
• do not get relief from physical therapy, medications, or walking aids.
• have conditions like:
  • osteoarthritis,
  • rheumatoid arthritis,
  • post-traumatic arthritis,
  • hip fractures,
  • avascular necrosis, etc.

Types of Hip Replacement Procedure

There are several types of hip replacement procedures:

1. Total Hip Replacement (THR): Total hip replacement is the most common type of hip replacement procedure. In this type, the doctor will insert a stem into the patient's femur for stability, and both the femoral head (ball) and socket of the hip joint will be replaced with implants.
2. Partial Hip Replacement: In partial hip replacement, the surgeon replaces only the femoral head. This is commonly performed in elderly patients with hip fractures.
3. Hip Resurfacing: In hip resurfacing, the surgeon will not remove the femoral head but rather cap it with a metal prosthesis. This is suitable for younger, active patients.
4. Minimally Invasive Hip Replacement: Minimally invasive hip replacement surgery involves smaller incisions and less muscle damage, resulting in quicker recovery.

The ball is usually made out of polished metal or ceramic, and it fits on top of the stem. The stem is made out of metal (either titanium or cobalt-chrome), and it is inserted into the thigh bone. The socket is a combination of a plastic liner and a cobalt-chrome or titanium backing.

Pre-Surgery Evaluation and Diagnostics

Before the surgery, a detailed assessment is done to ensure the patient is fit for hip replacement surgery. This includes:

• medical history and physical examination,
• X-rays or MRI scans of the hip,
• blood tests and ECG, and
• discussion of existing medications and health conditions.

The aim of pre-surgery evaluation and diagnostics is to create a clear picture of the hip joint’s condition and to evaluate the overall health of the patient.

Selection and Surgical Planning

After evaluation, the surgeon chooses the best surgical method based on:

• Age and lifestyle of the patient
• Severity of joint damage
• Bone quality
• Medical conditions
• Type of implant needed

Patients are informed about the procedure, risks, benefits, and expected outcomes before surgery.

Hip Replacement Surgery Procedure

Here’s a step-by-step look at the surgery:

1. First, spinal or general anesthesia is given to the patient.
2. Then, a small incision is made on the side or back of the hip.
3. The damaged bone and cartilage are then removed from the hip joint.
4. Artificial components (metal, ceramic, or plastic) are fitted to the bone surfaces.
5. At last, the incision is closed with sutures or staples.

The surgery typically takes 1 to 2 hours.

Risks & Potential Complications of Hip Replacement Surgery

Like any major surgery, hip replacement surgery also carries certain risks and potential complications, including:

• Infection
• Blood clots
• Dislocation of the new joint
• Nerve or blood vessel damage
• Leg length difference
• Implant wear and tear

Choosing a skilled surgeon and following post-op care instructions can reduce these risks.

What to Expect After Hip Replacement Surgery?

Immediately after surgery:

• Patient is monitored in the recovery room.
• Pain management starts with medications.
• Physiotherapy begins within 24 to 48 hours.
• Hospital stay is around 3 to 5 days.
• Mobility with walkers or crutches starts early.

Patients gradually regain the ability to walk, climb stairs, and perform daily activities.

Post-Surgery Recovery and Long-Term Care

Recovery takes about 6 to 12 weeks, and includes:

• Physiotherapy sessions to improve strength and mobility
• Follow-up visits for wound checks and X-rays
• Avoiding high-impact activities
• Lifestyle changes like using supportive footwear and weight management

Long-term care helps increase implant lifespan and improve overall function.

Hip Replacement Success Rate in India

India has a high success rate for hip replacement surgeries, typically around 90-95%. Most patients experience:

• significant pain relief.
• improved mobility.
• better quality of life.

Modern surgical techniques and high-quality implants contribute to long-lasting outcomes.

Hip Replacement Surgery Cost in India 

The cost of hip replacement surgery in India varies depending on the hospital, city, and type of implant used. The cost may include hospital stay, surgeon’s fee, implant charges, anesthesia, and diagnostics.

Why Choose India for Hip Replacement Surgery?

India is a leading destination for hip replacement surgery due to the following reasons:

• Affordable Cost: Surgery in India is quite affordable and costs only a fraction of what it does in Western countries like the USA, the UK, Australia, etc.
• Experienced Surgeons: Indian hospitals have some of the best orthopedic specialists with global exposure. Many of these prominent orthopedic surgeons in India have been honored with the Padma Shri and Padma Vibhushan awards for their exemplary work in orthopedics. Some of the notable recipients include Dr. K.H. Sancheti, who received the Padma Vibhushan, and Dr. Ashok Rajgopal, who received the Padma Shri Award. 
• Renowned Orthopedic Hospitals: In 2020, Apollo Hospitals successfully performed Central India’s first and India’s second daycare hip replacement surgery on a 30-year-old patient. In January 2025, under the guidance of Dr. Ramneek Mahajan and his team, Max Smart Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, set a new milestone with the first-ever use of Insignia Stem implant for hip replacement surgery in India.
• Advanced Facilities: Hospitals in India are equipped with state-of-the-art surgical technologies and robotics. They use computer navigation systems and minimally invasive surgical techniques for hip replacement surgery.
• Shorter Waiting Times: In India, patients do not have to go through long waiting periods and can get quick appointments and surgery dates.
• International Patient Support: EdhaCare offers personalized services including visa help, travel, accommodation, and language translators to international patients.

Documents Required for Patients Traveling to India for Hip Replacement Surgery

For international patients contemplating hip replacement in India, it is necessary to present certain documentation to have a smooth medical journey. These include:

• Valid Passport: Valid for a minimum of six months after the date you travel.
• Medical Visa (M Visa): Granted by the Indian Embassy/Consulate on medical grounds.
• Invitation Letter from Indian Hospital: A formal letter explaining the course of treatment and how long it will last.
• Recent Medical Records: X-rays, MRIs, blood tests, and a referral note by a doctor in the home country.
• Completed Visa Application Form: With passport-size photographs according to specifications.
• Proof of Means: Bank statements dated in the past few months or health insurance.
• Medical Attendant Visa: Needed for a companion or caregiver traveling along with the patient.

It is advisable to refer to the Indian consulate or your medical facilitator for the latest information and help in documentation.

Top Hip Replacement Surgeons in India

Some of the top hip replacement surgeons in India are:

1. Dr. Ashok Rajgopal - Medanta, Gurgaon
2. Dr. Neeraj Shrivasta - Fortis Hospital, Mulund, Mumbai
3. Dr. Vishwanath M S - Manipal Hospital, Old Airport Road, Bangalore
4. Dr. Ramneek Mahajan - Max Healthcare, Delhi
5. Prof. (Dr.) Pradeep B. Bhosale - Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital, Mumbai

Best Hospitals for Hip Replacement in India

Some of the best hospitals for hip replacement in India are:

1. Medanta – The Medicity, Gurgaon
2. Apollo Hospital, Chennai
3. Fortis Hospital, Bangalore
4. Max Super Speciality Hospital, Delhi
5. Shalby Hospital, Ahmedabad

These hospitals have JCI/NABH accreditation, modern ORs, and international patient departments.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How long does a hip replacement last?

Hip implants usually last 15–20 years, depending on activity level and implant type.

Is hip replacement very painful?

Some pain is expected after surgery, but pain medications and physiotherapy help manage it effectively.

Can I travel soon after the surgery?

Patients are advised to wait at least 4–6 weeks before flying, based on their recovery.

Will I be able to walk normally again?

Yes, most patients can walk normally and even return to light exercises or swimming.

Do I need physiotherapy after surgery?

Yes, physiotherapy is essential for strengthening muscles and improving joint movement after hip replacement surgery in India.